Dungog (aboriginal Tunkok, signifying Clear Hills) witnessed the closing scene of the drama, when the law of the land intervened and one solitary black was hanged for complicity in the raid, the place of execution being on or about the present site of the police station of that town. in that locality. The ridge Dungog is built on was called Dunbah. As in fact they did at Wattenbakh, on the Barrington River, where they killed seven of the shepherds. Hall and Mr. Darch followed them soon after, the whole party intending to go on to Gloucester to-night, as soon as the moon rises. With no knowledge of science to aid them, with only the most primitive ideas of handicraft as white men comprehend it, they could do a vast quantity of very excellent work in a very brief space of time. These stalks were soaked in water for some time, probably to remove any toxic properties that might be present and then roasted in the coals. 87 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<094F16A5768ACBD411B1DAC73AF11856>]/Index[69 33]/Info 68 0 R/Length 87/Prev 88046/Root 70 0 R/Size 102/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream You can use this to build on. The guardians also throw pieces of bark over the heads of the women. I. am informed they are camped between my place and Mr Boydells. up in the smoke, the men raise a guttural shout, and the women wave their arms up and down. . It Is marvellous what the blacks were able to fashion in the way of weapons and equipment of various kinds. Dungog Chronicle : Durham and Gloucester Advertiser (NSW : 1894 - 1954) Tuesday 2 May 1922 p 3 CONFLICTS WITH THE NATIVES. The principal bora ground was in Mr. Harold McLeods paddock and today one can see the ring plainly. Note the way the dilli-bag is slung. The aboriginal natives were the primary tenants of this soil ; they subsisted in the woods by fishing and hunting:, and it was illegal for any one to disturb them in the possession of these natural rightsThe jury af- ter having retired for considerably upwards of an hour, returned with a verdict of Guilty of Manslaughter, but recommended the prisoner to mercy, from the peculiar circumstances under which the offence was committed. or wattles as the blacks at Port Stephens called them, wer e very neatly fashioned and per- fectly balanced. 1844, my father, John Scott, being employed in a secretarial capacity at Carrington by the Australian Agricultural Company. The men help each other at this work, until every man and boy present have been painted white all over their bodies. The perpetrators were the Barrington River natives. Lettris This nomadic minstrel was a most important individual, posturing, gesticulating and leaping about the fitful flames of the camp fire he would sing, over and over again, his latest melody, which usually had to do with some well known incident. A few days later an Invitation [was extended] to me to witness the great finishing ceremony. The diameters of this oval space were 28 feet and 20 feet respectively, being smaller than the oval near the camp. Their creation spirit is Baiami, also known as Koin, is the creator of all things and the Keeper of the Valley. By Lauren Hubbard Published: Feb 27, 2023. The depositions taken were duly transmitted by me to His Majestys Attorney- General the following day, and the prisoner was forwarded from Dungog in charge of two of the mounted police, who were expressly sent for, being apprehensive of a rescue by the turbulent blacks of the district. Join us, volunteer and be a part of our journey of discovery! The massacre at Kiripit occurred in 35, and resulted in the death of five of Mackenzies convict shepherds. Dungog Chronicle : Durham and Gloucester Advertiser (NSW : 1894 - 1954) Fri 12 Nov 1926 Page 3 VENGEANCE ON THE BLACKS. Toys were designed to amuse and educate children, and also to prepare them for adulthood. See what others have contributed about your ancestors. At the goonambang, spirit world and tribal world united in what was probably the deepest religious experience a Koori male would ever have. The women and children are also told to lie down, and are covered over with rugs and bushes, some of the men running round amongst them to see that this formality is properly carried out. At various times they were ordered to assume uncomfortable positions and to remain so until the sun crossed the sky. Dungog Chronicle : Durham and Gloucester Advertiser (NSW : 1894 - 1954). Hall, that there was great reason to apprehend that the blacks had murdered Henderson at Worrawong, our distant cattle station. It was amazing the quantity of food the toddlers could consume, and It was astonishing that it did them no harm. One of the men would then sound a bull-roarer just after dark in the vicinity of the camp, and next morning everyone would pack up and proceed by easy stages towards the appointed tryst, dances and songs being indulged in at night at each of the stages along their route. Dungog Chronicle : Durham and Gloucester Advertiser (NSW : 1894 - 1954) Tue 9 May 1922 Page 3 CONFLICTS WITH THE NATIVES. Eather, and a description of the last combined Bora ceremony on the family property in 1852. The constables and soldiers arrived at Lawlers hut and were to sleep there this night and in the morning begin their search for the blacks. He is a Koori In the course of time, they were, therefore, thoroughly disciplined and properly trained. These fire-brands, renewed as often as necessary. This stiffened the carcase fairly effectively, thus making it more convenient to carry over the shoulders, a factor appreciated by the man that had to bear the burden for per- haps many a weary mile. Gruesome and dark is that partly forgotten tale, justifiable only in the fact that the unfortunate whites concerned were beleaguered and wounded and the poisoned dampers were their last defensive resort. Fatal was the effect. Mr. Irwin remembers a spotted gum ridge on which all the trees were marked. They were covered with pieces of bark and bushes. In 1789 an outbreak of what was probably smallpox in Sydney killed many Aborigines and caused a large number of survivors to flee. "We don't have a connection to this homestead or to this area at all," he said. She was buried by falls side.One of the last of the tribe was buried there some time ago. But one and all appeared greatly relieved to see the boys safe and sound in the midst of the men. must be carried bv them, when going from place to place, till they again meet their brothers at the kweealbang. Glencore is seeking approval to build a new open-cut pit and mine an additional 135 million tonnes of coal until 2044. Nets are spread in a line upon the ground, and beside them are some coolamins containing water. SmartDraw's family tree template starts you with a basic family structure already on the page. One man, Green, escaped to Underbank after a flight of over 25 miles; the last spear was thrown almost in sight of Underbank House. You can also try the grid of 16 letters. The bull-roarers are then given into the hands of the novices, who touch their bodies with them. Perhaps there were fewer than that. He said the absence of a recognised native title holder, as was the case in the Hunter Valley, couldfurther complicate claims. When these two men get close to the goonambang they gently hit the boomerangs which they carry in their hands against those in their belts, and the hosts answer, huk! The language spoken around Newcastle and Lake Macquarie called by the aborigines Awaaba was much the same, and the whole language was named Kurring-gai by some, and Awaabakal by others. The Blacks of Dungog, Port Stephens and Gresford. The fire-making sticks they used were usually parts of the dried stem of the grass-tree (pummirri). The Wonnarua Nation Aboriginal Corporation was established in 1999 and represents the Wonnarua people. To give th e canoe rigidity so that It could bear Its passengers safely, stretchers were ingeniously fitted at intervals along its length somewhat after the manner one sees In an ordinary clinker-built boat. The men, exultant over the result of their prowess would immediately proceed to make a fire. Since those times the flying-fox has changed his habits considerably much to the loss of orchardists and those that cultivate fruit. On the bank of the Kerripit almost in front of the homestead at Stobo lie the remains of these old-time shepherds. Some time ago I despatched two of the Mounted Police to put in force a warrant issued by Mr G. Rowley, J.P, against three black fellows who assaulted and beat a man in charge of sheep who endeavoured to protect his masters property ; but these sable thieves being apprised of the troopers approach collected to the number of thirty or forty, and having amongst them at least a dozen muskets and plenty of ammunition, which the settlers most improperly [supplied them], they resisted and the soldiers were fain to retreat, which they did with much difficulty, not until several shots were exchanged, the troopers cartridge box wrenched from his person, and his arm wounded with a tomahawk. Poisoning is the most cowardly form of massacre and the Aboriginal race cannot, do not, forget despite their kindly nature. Ceremonies in the Bush. The word Guringai/Gringai has no connection to the Aborigines of northern Sydney. Ro, Cookies help us deliver our services. These were particular favorites, and it was no uncommon sight to see a group of excited blacks hacking at a log and dragging out the long, squirming worms ( which they would swallow raw and wriggling. The rugs are now taken off the women, and the mothers are called up first, after which the other women are permitted to rise. Warning: This article contains content that some readers may find distressing. The only record of punitive expeditions I can vouch for are as follows: In 1835, on the occasion of the great raid on Mackenzies shepherds, at Kiripit, now Rawdon Vale, the A. We provide free guidance and resources to help you make more family history discoveries. The blacks were often sent out to get bark, as they were excellent at the job. A level patch of ground in a convenient part of the camp is cleared and made smooth for dancing on. The young boys were carefully instructed by the elders of the tribe for long periods before the actual ceremonies began. The Keeparra Ceremony of Initiation. Ironically, it is directly above Baime cave where Europeans first viewed the Upper Hunter, led from Sydney by a tracker from the Wonnarua tribe. Attention: This site does not support the current version of your web browser. Mr. F. A. Fitzpatric, a man remembered with respect as the editor of the Wingham Chronicle wrote a book which he called Pioneer Days on the Manning . Responsibility . In travelling from place to place a fire-stick was always carried, the brand being whirled and twisted so that it would not go out. [7] Gringai land also includes the southern valleys of the Barrington Tops. The men seem to have been attacked singly and in open daylight. Nonprofit and free. The shafts of the spears were made of various hardwood, scraped carefully to the required thickness with shells or pieces of broken bot- tles. x\{xT_fL! $$!fdS!>p&QTD Ujmoql GjKj[Bks" Y[k^{g7(HxB`Kh[-_2H|v*u/'JKxkko"r6_z+Su,o?x(wDYQqEufWES^v0*X_9X+vxI6EZ|zd$]-/tdy.%(RVdD&WD/?K /T:}LFEay*h7~FE36obV*z2[-CFz~>/-r5 ' x^|XjU~H!-t]!KWjBaZN}{NRHgEB=hSE*wQ'D[t5mt/fqms94_~imuIXI%AnEb]~7MeI7g9?k&3 The Wonnarua also had trade and ceremonial links with the Kamilaroi people. On perceiving these Billy flatly re- fused to accompany us. Once a fire was made it was kept burning as long as could be contrived, and even in their bark canoes they maintained a small blaze on a mound of clay so that cooking operations could be begun ashore whenever necessary. From my point of observation I beheld a conical fire burning in the midst of a cleared space, very similar to the one I have described as being at the foot of the hill. At the given signal the men would dash into the water until up to their mid. The Earliest Inhabitants - Aboriginal Tribes of the District. The Queen [women], so far as I could ascertain, were marked some- what similarly on the back and across the tops of the shoulders. They could throw their little spears with deadly accuracy; they could use a shield with the skill of their fathers. His mother then approaches him, and holds her breast to his face, pretending to suckle him. The map was determined by overlaying an old parish map onto a topographic map. It was marvellous how swiftly the blacks could climb by means of these tiny notches literally swarming up the smooth tall trunk. all one afternoon, until stopped by the manager of the station and his men, but while the manager was persuading the. Muh! (Now!) The shouts of the surrounding party often makes him drop his burden; otherwise he conveys them to his fireplace in the bush where he deposits his load close to the fire. At this camp there are pantomimic performances nearly every night, the men dancing and acting on the clear space already described. Descendants of the Wonnarua are encouraged to give their family details to build the tree. One woman of each small tribe was usually dedicated this way, and to her was entrusted the task ct fashioning the fishing lines, the virtues accruing from her innate powers over fish being of course communicated to the lines she made. In this way they were deliciously cooked, and indeed the doctor relates that he frequently dealt with his own game and fish in this manner. The fire got rid of those. Baime has his arms stretched open protecting the Valley. endstream endobj 70 0 obj <> endobj 71 0 obj <>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 72 0 obj <>stream . As part of the ceremonies, the aspirants undergo the ordeal of having an upper front tooth either bitten off or knocked out with a stick prepared for the occasion. Around the Manning River basin, there were reports of waterholes and gifts of food being laced with arsenic known as The Harmony so the jungle of the Barrington became a refuge for Aboriginal people. %PDF-1.7 % The recorded history of the Wonnarua begins in the early nineteenth century when the Europeans settled. To this, as the present means of quieting them, I was obliged to accede. There were blacks present from Port Stephens, Gloucester, the Allyn and Paterson Rivers. Other plants indicated by the literature to have been exploited for food in coastal regions include various fruits (Caswell 1841), including a sort of wild plum (Threlkeld in Gunson 1974:55) and the stalk of the water lily (Scott 1929:41; Fawcett 1898:152). Sometimes a blow on the head er e he fell would kill him, or if he were thrown down alive, those beneath would perform the final ceremony of dispatch. 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